The preservation of cultural heritage is an interdisciplinary collaboration of different sciences. The complementation of various analytical techniques can provide a wealth of information that is useful for a better understanding of the chemical patterns of different materials; it could be used to explore the bulk or surface, to observe the microscopic or macroscopic features, to determine the chemical or physical properties, and to reach the different detection limits of the profiling layers. The output of the characterization process is the decision-making of the preservation strategy, and the outcome is the valorization of the cultural heritage artworks. The archaeological materials change with time, so the preservation procedures are employed to safeguard the cultural heritage. The current research work concerns the aging phenomena of painting artworks.