Alpha decay, cluster radioactivity, and spontaneous fission processes are described within the dinuclear system model approach for even-even and even-odd nuclei in the ground state, as well as for their K-isomers. A good agreement is shown between the calculated results and available experimental data. The features of fission processes are explained with the combined action of the driving potential and mass parameters. The presence of the hindrance factor for even-odd nuclei is described with the presence of the spin, which is expressed by the rotational part of the driving potential. For K-isomeric states the changes in half-lives (compared to the ground state) are related to the interplay between the nuclear spin and K-isomer energy. The possibility of using microscopically defined parameters in the model is also shown.

(based on the Ph.D. thesis)